Healthy calves in a modern barn with glowing probiotic bacteria

Do Probiotics Really Boost Calf Health? Unpacking the Science

"A closer look at whether probiotic supplements containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis deliver on their promise for dairy calves."


For dairy farmers, ensuring the health and optimal growth of calves is crucial for future productivity. Probiotics, marketed for their ability to improve gut health and overall well-being, have become increasingly popular as a supplement for young calves. But how effective are these probiotics, particularly those containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, in delivering tangible benefits?

This article dives into a recent study that investigated the impact of supplementing dairy calves with a probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. We'll explore whether this supplementation leads to improved growth rates, reduced diarrhea, and enhanced metabolic function. By unpacking the research, we aim to provide practical insights for farmers and anyone interested in calf health.

This article aims to break down the complexities of the study, offering a clear understanding of whether probiotic supplementation truly delivers on its promises for dairy calves. This analysis will help one to make informed decisions about calf rearing practices.

Probiotics and Calf Performance: What the Study Revealed

Healthy calves in a modern barn with glowing probiotic bacteria

A study published in the journal 'Rev. Bras. Saúde Prod. Anim.' investigated the effects of supplementing the diet of Holstein calves with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Twenty-four calves were monitored over eight weeks, with half receiving the probiotic supplement and the other half serving as a control group. Researchers tracked various parameters, including weight gain, feed intake, fecal scores, and blood metabolites, to determine the probiotic's impact.

The study revealed some unexpected findings. While the probiotic supplementation didn't negatively impact the calves, it also didn't produce significant improvements in key performance indicators. Specifically:

  • Weight Gain: No significant difference in average daily weight gain was observed between the probiotic and control groups.
  • Feed Intake: The amount of concentrate feed consumed was similar in both groups. However, feed intake was significantly impacted by age (P<0.0001).
  • Fecal Scores: Probiotic supplementation did not reduce the occurrence of diarrhea or improve fecal consistency. The fecal pH was significantly impacted by age.
  • Blood Metabolites: Blood parameters, such as glucose, total protein, and urea, were largely unaffected by the probiotic, however, albumin was impacted by age.
Interestingly, the study did note an age-related effect on several parameters. As the calves grew older, their concentrate intake increased, and their fecal pH changed, reflecting the natural development and changes in their digestive systems. The number of enterobacteria (a type of bacteria in the gut) decreased with age. This highlights the importance of considering the calf's stage of development when evaluating the impact of any dietary intervention.

The Verdict: Are Probiotics Worth It for Dairy Calves?

The study's findings suggest that probiotic supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, as administered in this experiment, may not provide substantial benefits to dairy calves in terms of growth, diarrhea reduction, or metabolic enhancement. This doesn't necessarily mean that all probiotics are ineffective, but it does highlight the importance of carefully evaluating the scientific evidence before incorporating them into calf-rearing practices.

It's crucial to consider that the effectiveness of probiotics can depend on various factors, including the specific strains used, the dosage, the animal's age and health status, and the overall management practices. Further research is needed to explore these variables and identify the specific circumstances under which probiotic supplementation may be most beneficial.

While probiotics may not be a magic bullet for calf health, a holistic approach that includes proper nutrition, hygiene, and stress management remains paramount. By focusing on these foundational elements, farmers can create an environment that supports healthy calf development and minimizes the need for interventions like probiotics.

About this Article -

This article was crafted using a human-AI hybrid and collaborative approach. AI assisted our team with initial drafting, research insights, identifying key questions, and image generation. Our human editors guided topic selection, defined the angle, structured the content, ensured factual accuracy and relevance, refined the tone, and conducted thorough editing to deliver helpful, high-quality information.See our About page for more information.

This article is based on research published under:

DOI-LINK: 10.1590/s1519-99402016000300016, Alternate LINK

Title: Desempenho De Bezerros Leiteiros Recebendo Probiótico Contendo Bacillus Subtilis E Bacillus Licheniformis

Subject: Animal Science and Zoology

Journal: Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)

Authors: Thais Manzoni Torrezan, Jackeline Thais Da Silva, Evangelina Miqueo, Nathália Brito Rocha, Fernanda Lavínia Moura Silva, Samyra Baldassin, Carla Maris Machado Bittar

Published: 2016-09-01

Everything You Need To Know

1

What did the study reveal about supplementing calf diets with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis?

A study examined the effects of supplementing Holstein calf diets with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis over an eight-week period. The research focused on key indicators such as weight gain, feed intake, fecal scores, and blood metabolites to assess the probiotic's impact. The findings indicated that while the probiotic supplementation did not harm the calves, it also did not lead to significant improvements in these specific performance indicators.

2

Specifically, what aspects of calf health and performance were *not* improved by supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in the study?

In the study, calves supplemented with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis did not show a significant difference in average daily weight gain compared to the control group. Feed intake was also similar between the two groups. Fecal scores did not improve with probiotic supplementation, and blood parameters, like glucose, total protein, and urea, remained largely unaffected.

3

Did the age of the calves affect the outcome of the study examining Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis?

The study indicated that the age of the calves significantly influenced certain parameters. As calves matured, their concentrate intake increased, and their fecal pH changed naturally. Furthermore, the number of enterobacteria in their gut decreased with age. This highlights that the calf's developmental stage is a crucial factor to consider when assessing the impact of any dietary intervention, including probiotics.

4

Does this study's lack of significant results for Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis mean that *all* probiotics are ineffective for dairy calves?

The study focused specifically on a probiotic supplement containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. The absence of significant benefits does not definitively conclude that all probiotics are ineffective for calves. Different probiotic strains or formulations, or varying dosages, might yield different outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of other probiotic types and their optimal use in calf-rearing practices.

5

If Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis didn't show benefits in the study, what are the broader implications for using probiotics in calf rearing?

While the study showed that Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis didn't substantially enhance growth or reduce diarrhea, the broader implication suggests a need for careful, evidence-based decision-making in calf rearing. Farmers should critically evaluate scientific evidence rather than relying solely on marketing claims. Considering factors such as the specific probiotic strains, the calf's age and health status, and overall management practices is crucial for informed decisions.

Newsletter Subscribe

Subscribe to get the latest articles and insights directly in your inbox.