Symbolic representation of breaking silence in sex education

Unveiling the Silence: How Sex Education in Slovakia Mirrors Global Struggles

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Rhea Morgan in Culture & Society April 2025 • 4 min read.

"A Foucault-Inspired Analysis of Power, Discourses, and the Quest for Open Dialogue"


Sex education, a topic both vital and often fraught with controversy, remains a significant challenge in many societies. In Slovakia, despite having a curriculum on paper, effective implementation faces numerous hurdles. This analysis, inspired by the work of philosopher Michel Foucault, delves into the complexities surrounding sex education in Slovakia, examining the power dynamics, discourses, and silences that shape this critical area.

Foucault's theories provide a valuable framework for understanding how knowledge, power, and discourse intertwine to influence social practices. By applying his concepts, we can uncover the subtle ways in which societal norms, religious beliefs, and cultural values impact the provision—or absence—of comprehensive sex education.

This article aims to unpack these layers, shedding light on the struggles and potential pathways toward a more open and effective approach to sex education in Slovakia, offering insights that resonate far beyond its borders.

The Power of Silence: Discourses in Conflict

Symbolic representation of breaking silence in sex education

In Slovakia, the curriculum for sex education gives the impression of openness, but a deeper look reveals a different reality. Silence surrounding sex education in schools creates room for alternative, often religiously-aligned, discourses. This silence isn't merely an absence of discussion; it's a strategic tool. Many who should be advocating for comprehensive sex education find it advantageous to remain quiet, allowing them to observe and control the narrative.

Children and young people, who should be at the heart of this discussion, often find themselves speaking amongst themselves rather than being engaged in meaningful dialogue with adults. Those who remain silent and listen are often unprepared for the confessions and questions of younger generations, who are increasingly influenced by liberal media, particularly the internet. This lack of preparedness is compounded by a lack of basic skills needed to react and debate in this changed environment. The very individuals who should be guiding and supervising the discussion are often those least equipped to do so.
Key aspects of this dynamic include:
  • Strategic Silence: Silence as a deliberate strategy for control.
  • Discourse Isolation: Limited intergenerational dialogue.
  • Media Influence: The impact of liberal media on youth.
  • Supervisory Gaps: Supervisors are not equipped to listen effectively.
This silence allows certain conservative discourses to thrive, pushing aside comprehensive discussions about reproductive health, healthy relationships, and consent. It's a subtle but powerful way of shaping young people's understanding of sexuality, often leaving them vulnerable to misinformation and harmful stereotypes.

Breaking the Silence: A Path Forward

Ultimately, effective sex education requires dismantling the strategic silence and fostering open, honest, and inclusive dialogue. This means equipping educators with the resources and training they need to address sensitive topics, creating safe spaces for young people to ask questions, and challenging the conservative discourses that perpetuate misinformation and shame. By embracing a Foucaultian perspective, we can better understand the power dynamics at play and work towards a more equitable and empowering approach to sex education, not only in Slovakia but around the world.

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