Symbolic illustration of osteosarcoma treatment with bone transforming into a flower.

Osteosarcoma Breakthrough: New Hope for Treating Bone Cancer

"A novel derivative of oleanolic acid shows promise in inhibiting osteosarcoma growth by targeting cancer cell metabolism."


Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of cancer that starts in the bones. It's most commonly found in children and young adults, making it a particularly devastating diagnosis. While treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have improved over the years, the survival rates for patients with metastatic or unresectable disease haven't significantly increased in the last three decades. This is why researchers are constantly looking for new and more effective ways to fight this disease.

One promising area of research involves understanding the unique characteristics of cancer cells, particularly their metabolism. Cancer cells often rely on a process called glycolysis to produce energy, even when oxygen is plentiful. This is less efficient than the normal energy production process, but it allows cancer cells to grow rapidly. Scientists are exploring ways to target this metabolic process to stop cancer cells in their tracks.

A recent study published in the Journal of Cellular Biochemistry has identified a new compound, a derivative of oleanolic acid called CDDO-NFM, that shows promise in disrupting glycolysis in osteosarcoma cells. This discovery could lead to the development of new and more effective treatments for this challenging cancer.

How Does CDDO-NFM Target Cancer Cells?

Symbolic illustration of osteosarcoma treatment with bone transforming into a flower.

The researchers found that CDDO-NFM effectively inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells both in laboratory settings (in vitro) and in animal models (in vivo). What's particularly interesting is that this inhibitory effect wasn't linked to traditional cancer cell death pathways like apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cell cycle arrest. Instead, CDDO-NFM seemed to be working by targeting the way cancer cells metabolize glucose.

Specifically, CDDO-NFM was shown to:

  • Reduce glucose uptake: Cancer cells need glucose to fuel their rapid growth, and CDDO-NFM limited their ability to take up glucose.
  • Decrease lactate production: Glycolysis produces lactate as a byproduct, and CDDO-NFM reduced the amount of lactate generated by cancer cells.
  • Inhibit ATP production: ATP is the energy currency of cells, and CDDO-NFM reduced the production of ATP in cancer cells, effectively starving them of energy.
Further investigation revealed that CDDO-NFM was achieving these effects by targeting a protein called c-MYC. C-MYC is known to play a crucial role in regulating glycolysis in cancer cells. The study showed that CDDO-NFM promoted the degradation of c-MYC, essentially removing the key that unlocks the glycolysis pathway. This is significant because c-MYC is often overexpressed in osteosarcoma, making it a potential therapeutic target.

A Promising New Avenue for Osteosarcoma Treatment

These findings suggest that CDDO-NFM could be a promising new compound for treating osteosarcoma. By targeting c-MYC and disrupting glycolysis, it effectively inhibits cancer cell growth without causing significant toxicity. While further research is needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the potential of CDDO-NFM in human clinical trials, this study offers a ray of hope for patients and families affected by this devastating disease.

About this Article -

This article was crafted using a human-AI hybrid and collaborative approach. AI assisted our team with initial drafting, research insights, identifying key questions, and image generation. Our human editors guided topic selection, defined the angle, structured the content, ensured factual accuracy and relevance, refined the tone, and conducted thorough editing to deliver helpful, high-quality information.See our About page for more information.

This article is based on research published under:

DOI-LINK: 10.1002/jcb.28202, Alternate LINK

Title: A Newly Synthesized Oleanolic Acid Derivative Inhibits The Growth Of Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro And In Vivo By Decreasing C‐Myc‐Dependent Glycolysis

Subject: Cell Biology

Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry

Publisher: Wiley

Authors: Feng Gao, Qiang Zuo, Tao Jiang, Huanghe Song, Jinchun Zhou

Published: 2018-12-14

Everything You Need To Know

1

What is Osteosarcoma and why is new treatment research important?

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of cancer originating in the bones, frequently affecting children and young adults. Current treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have limitations, especially for metastatic or unresectable disease. New research is vital because the survival rates haven't significantly improved in decades, making the development of more effective treatments, like those targeting the metabolic processes of cancer cells, crucial for improving patient outcomes.

2

How does the new compound, CDDO-NFM, work to combat osteosarcoma?

CDDO-NFM, a derivative of oleanolic acid, inhibits osteosarcoma growth by targeting the cancer cells' metabolism. It disrupts glycolysis, the process cancer cells use to produce energy. Specifically, CDDO-NFM reduces glucose uptake, decreases lactate production, and inhibits ATP production within the cancer cells. These actions starve the cancer cells of the energy they need to grow and proliferate.

3

What role does c-MYC play in osteosarcoma, and how does CDDO-NFM interact with it?

The c-MYC protein is crucial in regulating glycolysis in cancer cells, and it is often overexpressed in osteosarcoma. CDDO-NFM works by promoting the degradation of c-MYC. By removing this key regulator of glycolysis, CDDO-NFM effectively shuts down the energy production pathway within the cancer cells, thereby slowing their growth and spread. This targeting of c-MYC makes CDDO-NFM a promising therapeutic approach.

4

What are the key metabolic processes targeted by CDDO-NFM in osteosarcoma cells?

CDDO-NFM primarily targets the glycolysis process in osteosarcoma cells. It reduces glucose uptake, limiting the fuel available for cancer cell growth. Additionally, it decreases the production of lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, which is often elevated in cancer cells. Furthermore, CDDO-NFM inhibits ATP production, the cell's primary energy currency, effectively starving the cancer cells and inhibiting their proliferation. These combined effects disrupt the cancer cells' metabolic machinery.

5

What are the potential benefits and limitations of CDDO-NFM as a treatment for osteosarcoma?

CDDO-NFM shows promise as a new treatment for osteosarcoma by targeting the c-MYC protein and disrupting glycolysis, which could effectively inhibit cancer cell growth. Its ability to target cancer cell metabolism without causing significant toxicity is a significant advantage. However, the current research is primarily based on laboratory and animal model studies. Further research is needed, including human clinical trials, to confirm these findings and fully evaluate the efficacy and safety of CDDO-NFM in treating osteosarcoma patients. This will determine the true potential and limitations of CDDO-NFM.

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