Doctor and pharmacy technician collaborating on a discharge prescription.

Medication Errors at Hospital Discharge: Are Pharmacy Technicians the Solution?

"New research highlights how leveraging pharmacy technicians can significantly reduce transcription errors and improve patient safety during hospital discharge."


Leaving the hospital should mark the beginning of recovery, but errors in discharge prescriptions can create new risks for patients. These mistakes, which occur when medications are incorrectly transcribed from inpatient charts to discharge prescriptions, can cause delays, waste resources, and, most importantly, harm patients. Ensuring accuracy during this transition is crucial for patient safety.

Traditionally, doctors handle the task of transcribing discharge medications. However, a recent study investigated an alternative approach: utilizing pharmacy technicians, trained professionals who specialize in medication accuracy, to transcribe discharge prescriptions. This study aimed to compare the error rates between doctors and pharmacy technicians in an acute hospital setting.

The results of this research are compelling, suggesting that integrating pharmacy technicians into the discharge process can significantly reduce medication errors and improve patient outcomes. Let's delve into the details of this study and explore the potential benefits of this innovative approach.

Pharmacy Technicians vs. Doctors: A Head-to-Head Comparison

Doctor and pharmacy technician collaborating on a discharge prescription.

The study, conducted in a large acute hospital in the UK, compared the accuracy of discharge prescriptions transcribed by pharmacy technicians and doctors. Pharmacy technicians received specific training in transcribing medications, focusing on selecting the correct drug, dosage, frequency, and duration. They were also trained to identify situations requiring clarification with a pharmacist or doctor.

Over a five-day period, researchers audited discharge prescriptions from eight medical wards. Four wards used pharmacy technicians to transcribe discharge medications, while the other four relied on the standard practice of doctors completing the task. The transcribed medications were then meticulously compared to the inpatient medication list to identify any errors.

  • Doctors: Transcribed 77 discharge prescriptions, resulting in 678 medication items with 127 errors (18.7% error rate).
  • Pharmacy Technicians: Transcribed 63 discharge prescriptions, resulting in 654 medication items with only 25 errors (3.8% error rate).
The data revealed a striking difference: pharmacy technicians exhibited a significantly lower error rate compared to doctors. This translates to a 14.9% absolute difference in error frequency, highlighting the potential for pharmacy technicians to enhance the accuracy of discharge prescriptions.

The Future of Discharge Medication: A Collaborative Approach

This study provides compelling evidence that integrating pharmacy technicians into the discharge process can significantly reduce medication errors. By leveraging their specialized training and focus on medication accuracy, hospitals can improve patient safety and minimize the inefficiencies associated with correcting errors.

While the results are promising, further research is needed to fully understand the benefits and implications of this service intervention. Future studies should explore the perspectives of patients, doctors, and pharmacists on this collaborative approach. Additionally, investigating the underlying reasons for the lower error rates among pharmacy technicians could inform future prescribing training for doctors.

Ultimately, a collaborative approach that leverages the expertise of both doctors and pharmacy technicians holds the greatest potential for ensuring accurate and safe medication practices at hospital discharge. By embracing innovative solutions and prioritizing patient safety, hospitals can create a smoother and more reliable transition for patients as they continue their journey to recovery.

About this Article -

This article was crafted using a human-AI hybrid and collaborative approach. AI assisted our team with initial drafting, research insights, identifying key questions, and image generation. Our human editors guided topic selection, defined the angle, structured the content, ensured factual accuracy and relevance, refined the tone, and conducted thorough editing to deliver helpful, high-quality information.See our About page for more information.

This article is based on research published under:

DOI-LINK: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2018-001538, Alternate LINK

Title: Comparison Of Pharmacy Technicians’ And Doctors’ Medication Transcribing Errors At Hospital Discharge

Subject: General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Journal: European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy

Publisher: BMJ

Authors: Michael Lloyd

Published: 2018-07-07

Everything You Need To Know

1

What difference in medication error rates did the study find between doctors and pharmacy technicians at hospital discharge?

The study revealed that pharmacy technicians had a significantly lower error rate (3.8%) compared to doctors (18.7%) when transcribing discharge prescriptions. This means pharmacy technicians made considerably fewer mistakes in selecting the correct drug, dosage, frequency, and duration compared to doctors.

2

What specific training do pharmacy technicians receive that makes them effective in transcribing discharge prescriptions?

Pharmacy technicians receive specific training in medication accuracy, including selecting the correct drug, dosage, frequency, and duration. They are also trained to identify situations where clarification from a pharmacist or doctor is needed, ensuring a more thorough and accurate transcription process compared to the standard practice of doctors completing the task.

3

Why are medication errors during hospital discharge a significant concern for patient safety?

Medication errors during hospital discharge, specifically errors in discharge prescriptions when medications are incorrectly transcribed from inpatient charts, can cause delays in recovery, waste resources, and potentially harm patients. Accurate medication transcription during this transition is crucial for patient safety.

4

What are the potential benefits of integrating pharmacy technicians into the hospital discharge process for medication transcription?

Integrating pharmacy technicians into the discharge process could lead to improved patient safety by reducing medication errors. This could also minimize the inefficiencies associated with correcting errors, such as readmissions and additional healthcare costs. The study showed a 14.9% absolute difference in error frequency between pharmacy technicians and doctors, highlighting the potential for improved accuracy.

5

What aspects of the discharge medication process were not covered in the study, and what further research could be done?

The study focused on comparing the accuracy of doctors versus pharmacy technicians transcribing discharge prescriptions within an acute hospital setting. It did not delve into the economic impact of integrating pharmacy technicians, the long-term effects on patient outcomes beyond the immediate discharge period, or address the perspectives of other healthcare professionals involved in the discharge process, like nurses or pharmacists, limiting a holistic understanding of the transformative process. Further research could explore these areas to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the collaborative approach.

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