Fractured map of Europe symbolizing gaps in PTSD treatment.

Is PTSD Treatment in Europe Falling Behind? A Trainee's Perspective

Elliot Brynn in Health & Wellness June 2025 • 4 min read.

"New research reveals gaps in evidence-based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) across European psychiatric training programs, leaving many trainees unprepared."

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects a significant portion of the population, with annual prevalence rates in Europe ranging from 0.9% to 2.6%. This means that in any given year, a notable number of individuals experience the debilitating symptoms of PTSD, which can significantly impact their daily lives and overall well-being. Given the prevalence of PTSD, it's critical that healthcare systems are equipped to provide effective treatment and support.

While evidence-based interventions for PTSD have been developed and proven effective, questions remain about their actual implementation in clinical practice. Are these treatments readily available to those who need them? Are healthcare professionals adequately trained to deliver them effectively? The answers to these questions are crucial for ensuring that individuals with PTSD receive the care they deserve.

A recent survey conducted by the Early Career Psychiatrists Committee of the European Psychiatric Association sheds light on these important issues. The survey, which involved 23 European countries, aimed to explore the implementation of evidence-based interventions for PTSD and assess the training options available to psychiatric trainees. The findings reveal a concerning gap between the recommended treatments and the reality of clinical practice, raising questions about the preparedness of future psychiatrists to address this prevalent condition.

Pharmacotherapy vs. Psychological Interventions: What's Available?

Fractured map of Europe symbolizing gaps in PTSD treatment.

The survey's findings reveal a significant disparity in the availability of different types of PTSD treatments across Europe. While pharmacotherapy, the use of medications, was widely accessible in the majority of participating countries (82.8%), psychological interventions were far less prevalent. This suggests a reliance on medication as the primary treatment approach for PTSD, potentially overlooking the benefits of other evidence-based therapies.

Within the realm of psychological interventions, the survey identified varying levels of availability. Psychoeducation, which involves providing patients with information about PTSD and its management, was found to be relatively common, being accessible in 52% of the surveyed countries. However, more specialized and intensive therapies like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) were available only in a minority of countries (26.2%).

Pharmacotherapy: Available in most countries (82.8%)
Psychoeducation: Available in 52% of countries
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Available in 26.2% of countries
Trauma-Focused Techniques: Rarely available

These findings highlight a potential gap in the range of treatment options available to individuals with PTSD in Europe. While medication can be an effective component of treatment, psychological interventions like CBT are often considered essential for addressing the underlying psychological and emotional issues associated with the disorder. The limited availability of these therapies may restrict patients' access to the most comprehensive and effective care.

Bridging the Gap: The Future of PTSD Treatment in Europe

The survey's findings underscore the need for increased investment in training and resources for evidence-based PTSD treatments across Europe. By ensuring that psychiatric trainees receive comprehensive education and practical experience in delivering psychological interventions, healthcare systems can better equip future professionals to address the complex needs of individuals with PTSD. Furthermore, addressing the identified barriers to implementation, such as lack of funding and expertise, is crucial for expanding access to these essential therapies and improving the overall quality of care for PTSD patients.

About this Article -

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This article is based on research published under:

DOI-LINK: 10.3402/ejpt.v6.27818, Alternate LINK

Title: Interventions For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Psychiatric Practice Across Europe: A Trainees’ Perspective

Subject: General Medicine

Journal: European Journal of Psychotraumatology

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Authors: Katja Koelkebeck, Olivier Andlauer, Nikolina Jovanovic, Domenico Giacco

Published: 2015-09-07

Everything You Need To Know

What exactly is Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and why is understanding it important?

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after a person experiences or witnesses a traumatic event. The condition is characterized by a range of symptoms, including flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviors, and heightened reactivity. It is important to understand the condition as it has a significant prevalence in Europe, affecting a notable percentage of the population each year. This prevalence underscores the need for effective treatments and well-trained healthcare professionals.

What's the difference in availability between different Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments in Europe?

The survey found that pharmacotherapy, or the use of medications, is widely accessible for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Europe. Specifically, 82.8% of the countries surveyed reported having pharmacotherapy available. However, the availability of psychological interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is far less prevalent. Psychoeducation is accessible in 52% of the surveyed countries, but CBT is available only in 26.2%. This contrast highlights a potential imbalance in treatment approaches, with a greater reliance on medication compared to psychological therapies.

What is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and why is it relevant to treating Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychological intervention used to treat Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is often considered an essential component of comprehensive care for PTSD. CBT focuses on helping individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors related to the trauma. This therapy aims to reduce symptoms and improve overall well-being. The limited availability of CBT across Europe means that some patients may not have access to this potentially effective treatment.

What are the implications of a lack of training and resources for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment?

The implications of limited training and resources for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment are significant. Without adequate training, psychiatric trainees may not be fully equipped to deliver evidence-based interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This gap can lead to a situation where patients do not receive the most effective treatments, potentially hindering their recovery. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving the quality of care for individuals with PTSD.

What needs to happen to improve Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in Europe?

The survey highlights the need for increased investment in training and resources for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments across Europe. Specifically, it reveals a concerning gap between the recommended treatments and the reality of clinical practice. Investing in training will ensure that psychiatric trainees receive comprehensive education and practical experience in delivering psychological interventions. Addressing barriers, such as lack of funding and expertise, is also crucial for expanding access to these essential therapies and improving the overall quality of care for PTSD patients.