What was J.N.K. Rao's original academic plan, and what event led him to pursue statistics?

J.N.K. Rao's initial plan was to study mathematics with a focus on astronomy after completing his BA. However, a conversation with his algebra teacher, C. D. Murthy, suggested that he explore the field of statistics. This advice was pivotal, redirecting his academic and professional trajectory toward statistics.

How did J.N.K. Rao overcome the initial rejection from Bombay University to pursue his studies in statistics?

Initially, J.N.K. Rao's application to Bombay University was rejected due to intense competition. However, an unexpected opening allowed him to enroll in the master’s program in pure and applied mathematics, where he could take statistics courses. This stroke of luck enabled him to pursue his newfound interest in statistics.

Which course and resources significantly influenced J.N.K. Rao's early interest and specialization in statistics?

M.C. Chakrabarti's sampling theory course had a profound impact on J.N.K. Rao, igniting his passion for this specific area within statistics. This course set the foundation for his future specialization and significant contributions to survey sampling methodology. Also, the appearance of classic survey sampling books by Cochran, Sukhatme, and Hansen, Hurwitz and Madow were critical.

Who were some of the key mentors that influenced J.N.K. Rao's career in statistics, and what role did they play?

Mentors such as C. D. Murthy, who initially suggested statistics, and H. O. Hartley, who likely provided guidance during his advanced studies, played crucial roles in J.N.K. Rao's career. Their advice and support helped shape his path and contributed to his success in the field of statistics. The influence of mentors highlights the importance of guidance in navigating one's career.

What key lessons can be learned from J.N.K. Rao's career journey about the role of chance and dedication in achieving success in statistics?

J.N.K. Rao's career demonstrates that embracing unexpected opportunities, such as the chance conversation with C. D. Murthy, and remaining dedicated to one's passions, like his commitment to mastering sampling theory, can lead to a remarkable and impactful career. Adaptability and openness to new directions are crucial for professional success, as illustrated by his journey from mathematics to becoming a renowned statistician. This journey underscores the value of combining serendipity with determined effort in achieving significant contributions to a field.

A winding road symbolizes a statistician's career path, lit by stars representing mentorship and chance encounters.

From Small Towns to Global Impact: The Serendipitous Journey of a Statistician

Samir D’Costa in Mind & Education August 2025 • 4 min read.

"Explore the fascinating career of J.N.K. Rao, whose path in statistics was marked by chance encounters, pivotal mentors, and groundbreaking contributions to the field."

The life of a statistician might seem like a straightforward path of numbers and analysis, but for J.N.K. Rao, it was anything but. His journey through the world of statistics is a testament to how chance encounters and unexpected opportunities can shape an extraordinary career. From his early days in India to becoming a renowned figure in statistical research, Rao's story is filled with pivotal moments that highlight the unpredictable nature of professional success.

Born and educated in India, Rao's initial academic pursuits led him to mathematics, but a chance piece of advice set him on a course toward statistics. This twist of fate led him to pursue advanced studies in the United States, where he encountered influential mentors and tackled pressing challenges in survey sampling and statistical methodology. His work has not only advanced theoretical understanding but also had practical applications in national surveys and data analysis worldwide.

This article explores the key moments and influences in Rao's career, demonstrating how a blend of serendipity, mentorship, and relentless dedication can lead to significant contributions in any field. His experiences offer valuable insights for young professionals navigating their careers and underscore the importance of adaptability and openness to new opportunities.

How Mentorship and Serendipity Sparked a Statistical Journey

A winding road symbolizes a statistician's career path, lit by stars representing mentorship and chance encounters.

In 1954, after completing his BA in mathematics with a specialization in astronomy, Rao faced a pivotal question: What next? A conversation with his algebra teacher, C. D. Murthy, proved to be life-changing. Murthy suggested he delve into statistics, a field Rao knew little about at the time. This advice led Rao to apply to several universities, including Bombay University.

Despite graduating with honors, Rao's initial application was rejected due to intense competition. However, fate intervened. An unexpected opening allowed him to join Bombay University's master’s program in pure and applied mathematics, where he could take statistics courses. It was during this time that Rao's passion for statistics began to ignite, steering him away from pure mathematics.

Chance Encounter: A casual conversation with an algebra teacher redirects Rao's academic focus.
Overcoming Obstacles: Initial rejections highlight the competitive nature of academic pursuits.
Discovering Passion: Exposure to statistics courses sparks a new career interest.

Rao's determination led him to excel, securing a First Class in his final examinations in 1956. He was fortunate to learn from distinguished teachers like M.C. Chakrabarti and Anant Kshirsagar. Chakrabarti's sampling theory course particularly captivated Rao, setting the stage for his future specialization. The timing was also fortuitous, with classic survey sampling books by Cochran, Sukhatme, and Hansen, Hurwitz and Madow appearing around 1954, providing foundational knowledge for Rao's burgeoning interest.

Reflections on a Life Shaped by Chance and Dedication

Looking back, J.N.K. Rao acknowledges the pivotal roles of mentors like C. D. Murthy and H. O. Hartley, as well as the unwavering support from his family. His story illustrates that a career in statistics—or any field—can be significantly shaped by unforeseen events and the guidance of influential figures. Rao's journey offers a reassuring perspective: embrace the unexpected, seek out mentors, and remain dedicated to your passions. This approach can transform a 'chancy life' into a remarkable and impactful career.