Symbolic illustration of hope and discovery in pediatric oncology

Decoding Ovarian Tumors in Young Girls: A 25-Year Study

Kai Mendoza in Health & Wellness August 2025 • 5 min read.

"Understanding the prevalence, types, and treatment approaches for ovarian tumors in children and adolescents in India."

Ovarian tumors in children and adolescent girls are rare, yet significant, gynecological malignancies. They account for a small percentage of childhood malignancies, making them an area of concern for both patients and healthcare providers. Understanding the characteristics of these tumors is crucial for early diagnosis and effective treatment.

Historically, ovarian cysts were considered infrequent in young girls due to their origin from mature follicles. However, this perception has evolved, necessitating a deeper understanding of the different types of ovarian tumors and their occurrence in the pediatric population. This article explores a retrospective study conducted over 25 years in a tertiary care hospital in India, aiming to shed light on the incidence and clinicopathological features of ovarian tumors in girls up to 20 years of age.

This research aims to provide clarity on the types of ovarian tumors affecting young girls, their clinical presentation, and effective management strategies. By understanding the specific characteristics of these tumors, healthcare professionals can improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

Key Findings: Types, Prevalence, and Malignancy

Symbolic illustration of hope and discovery in pediatric oncology

The study analyzed 112 cases of ovarian tumors in girls up to 20 years of age, revealing a mean age of 15.3 years at diagnosis. The most common presenting complaint was abdominal pain, highlighting the importance of considering ovarian masses in young girls presenting with this symptom. The study found a statistically significant correlation between the size of the tumor and its malignancy status, emphasizing the need for careful evaluation of larger masses.

The research categorized the ovarian tumors into benign and malignant types, revealing the prevalence of each. Mature cystic teratomas were the most common benign tumors, while immature teratomas were the most common malignant neoplasms. The study also noted the incidence of other tumor types, such as serous cystadenomas and mucinous cystadenomas, providing a comprehensive overview of the spectrum of ovarian tumors in this age group.

Mature Cystic Teratomas: Most common benign tumor (27.6%)
Immature Teratomas: Most common malignant tumor (8%)
Abdominal Pain: Most frequent presenting complaint (46.4%)
Malignancy Rate: 34.8% of the studied cases were malignant.

The study also explored the laterality, size and treatment approaches for ovarian tumors. The majority of cases were unilateral, and the size of the tumor was significantly correlated with its malignancy status. Treatment options included cystectomy and unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with the choice depending on the tumor type and extent of the disease. In a few cases, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed for advanced-stage malignant tumors.

Translating Findings into Improved Care

This research underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for ovarian masses in young girls presenting with abdominal pain. Prompt investigations, such as ultrasound, are crucial for early detection and accurate diagnosis. By recognizing the varied presentations of ovarian tumors and understanding their prevalence, healthcare professionals can expedite the diagnostic process and initiate timely treatment.

The study highlights the effectiveness of surgical interventions, such as cystectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy, in managing ovarian tumors in young girls. The choice of treatment should be tailored to the individual patient, considering the tumor type, stage, and extent of the disease. A multidisciplinary approach, involving surgeons, oncologists, and pathologists, is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and preserving fertility whenever possible.

While this study provides valuable insights into the spectrum of ovarian tumors in young girls in India, further research is needed to explore the long-term outcomes and quality of life of these patients. Additionally, studies are needed to identify potential risk factors and develop preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of ovarian tumors in this vulnerable population. By continuing to invest in research and innovation, we can improve the lives of young girls affected by ovarian tumors and ensure they receive the best possible care.

About this Article -

This article was crafted using a human-AI hybrid and collaborative approach. AI assisted our team with initial drafting, research insights, identifying key questions, and image generation. Our human editors guided topic selection, defined the angle, structured the content, ensured factual accuracy and relevance, refined the tone, and conducted thorough editing to deliver helpful, high-quality information.See our About page for more information.

This article is based on research published under:

DOI-LINK: 10.3889/oamjms.2016.090, Alternate LINK

Title: Spectrum Of Childhood And Adolescent Ovarian Tumors In India: 25 Years Experience At A Single Institution

Subject: General Medicine

Journal: Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences

Publisher: Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI

Authors: Ruchi Rathore, Sonal Sharma, Deepshikha Arora

Published: 2016-09-30

Everything You Need To Know

What is the most common symptom that young girls experience when they have an ovarian tumor, and why is it important?

Abdominal pain is the most frequent presenting complaint, occurring in 46.4% of cases studied. When young girls present with abdominal pain, it is crucial to consider ovarian masses in the differential diagnosis. This symptom should prompt further investigation, such as ultrasound, to rule out or confirm the presence of an ovarian tumor and determine the appropriate course of action.

What are the most common types of benign and malignant ovarian tumors found in young girls, according to the 25-year study?

The study found that mature cystic teratomas were the most common benign ovarian tumors, accounting for 27.6% of cases. These tumors are typically slow-growing and non-cancerous. On the other hand, immature teratomas were the most common malignant ovarian neoplasms, representing 8% of the studied cases. These tumors are cancerous and require more aggressive treatment approaches. Other types of ovarian tumors, such as serous cystadenomas and mucinous cystadenomas, were also noted in the study.

How does the size of an ovarian tumor relate to its likelihood of being cancerous in young girls?

The study indicates a significant correlation between tumor size and malignancy status, emphasizing the need for careful evaluation of larger masses. Larger ovarian tumors are more likely to be malignant, requiring more aggressive treatment approaches. Therefore, healthcare professionals should pay close attention to the size of the tumor when assessing the risk of malignancy and determining the appropriate treatment strategy.

What are the different treatment options available for ovarian tumors in young girls, and how is the choice of treatment determined?

Treatment options for ovarian tumors in young girls include cystectomy and unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Cystectomy involves the surgical removal of the cyst or tumor while preserving the ovary. Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy involves the removal of one ovary and fallopian tube. The choice of treatment depends on the tumor type, size, and extent of the disease. In advanced-stage malignant tumors, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy may be performed, involving the removal of the uterus, both ovaries, and fallopian tubes.

What are the long-term effects on fertility for young girls who undergo treatment for ovarian tumors, and are there any strategies to preserve fertility?

The study did not delve into the long-term effects on fertility for young girls who undergo treatment for ovarian tumors. Depending on the treatment approach, such as unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or more extensive procedures like total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, there could be implications for future fertility. Fertility preservation strategies and counseling should be considered for young girls diagnosed with ovarian tumors to address potential concerns and provide support for their reproductive health.