Canine Leishmaniasis Found in Mexico: What Pet Owners Need to Know

Canine leishmaniasis is a disease in dogs caused by the protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania. It is transmitted to dogs through the bite of infected phlebotomine sandflies. The parasite can cause a range of clinical signs in dogs, making early detection and prevention crucial. The specific cases in Sinaloa, Mexico, were identified as being caused by Leishmania (L.) mexicana.

The clinical signs observed in infected dogs include chronic eye inflammation, corneal opacity, ocular exudate (discharge), emaciation (weight loss), hyporexia (decreased appetite), and ulcerative skin lesions. These symptoms prompted researchers to investigate further and diagnose the presence of Leishmania.

Canine leishmaniasis was recently discovered in Sinaloa, Mexico, marking the first report of autochthonous (locally acquired) cases in the region. This means that the disease is now present and spreading within the local dog population. This discovery raises concerns for pet owners and highlights the need for increased awareness and preventive measures, such as consulting with a veterinarian.

The diagnosis of Canine Leishmaniasis involves identifying the presence of the Leishmania parasite in the dog. In the study mentioned, researchers used PCR-RFLP and sequencing techniques to diagnose and determine the causative agent as Leishmania mexicana. These methods allow for accurate identification of the parasite species.

To protect your dog, especially if you live in or travel to areas where leishmaniasis is endemic, consult your veterinarian about appropriate protection strategies. This could include regular veterinary check-ups. The discovery of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis in Sinaloa underscores the importance of preventive measures. The use of insecticides and repellents might be considered in consultation with a veterinarian.