Surreal illustration of IBD impact on growth, showing a landscape with stunted and healthy trees representing potential for growth.

IBD and Adolescent Growth: What You Need to Know

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Jordan Keane in Health & Wellness May 2025 • 4 min read.

"Unpacking the impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on adolescent development and long-term health outcomes."


Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a term encompassing chronic disorders marked by immune-mediated inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Conditions like Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) fall under this umbrella, affecting millions worldwide.

The onset of IBD during childhood presents unique challenges. Compared to adults, children often experience a more aggressive disease course, increasing the risk of growth retardation, nutritional deficits, and delayed puberty. These complications can significantly impact a child’s development and long-term well-being.

Studies on growth and body composition in adolescents with IBD show conflicting results. Some indicate that individuals with IBD may achieve normal adult height, while others report significant reductions, particularly in Crohn's Disease. This article aims to shed light on these discrepancies, providing clarity and guidance for parents and caregivers.

How Does IBD Affect Growth and Weight in Adolescents?

Surreal illustration of IBD impact on growth, showing a landscape with stunted and healthy trees representing potential for growth.

A recent population-based study examined data from 1,144,213 Jewish Israeli adolescents undergoing mandatory health examinations. The study, published in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, sought to determine the impact of IBD on anthropometric measures such as weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI).

Researchers found that adolescents with Crohn's Disease, particularly males, had significantly lower weight and BMI compared to their healthy counterparts. This suggests that CD may lead to leanness or difficulty maintaining a healthy weight during adolescence. Conversely, adolescents with Ulcerative Colitis did not show significant differences in weight or BMI compared to the control group.

  • Weight and BMI: Crohn's Disease (CD) patients, especially males, had significantly lower weight and BMI compared to controls.
  • Height at Late Adolescence: No statistically significant difference in height was found between IBD patients and controls.
  • Early Diagnosis Impact: CD patients diagnosed before age 14 were significantly shorter than controls.
  • Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Effects: UC patients did not show significant differences in weight, BMI, or height compared to controls.
The study also highlighted that the age of diagnosis plays a crucial role. CD patients diagnosed before the age of 14 were significantly shorter than their healthy peers. This underscores the importance of early detection and intervention to mitigate the long-term impact of IBD on growth.

The Future of IBD Treatment: Optimizing Growth and Development

While this study provides valuable insights, it also calls for further research. Future studies should explore the impact of modern biologic therapies on growth outcomes, as well as identify genetic determinants that may influence linear growth in young IBD patients. By combining advanced treatments with personalized approaches, healthcare professionals can optimize growth and development in adolescents with IBD, ensuring a healthier future.

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